Table 3 Potential risk factors associated with baseline nasal colonization with Staphylococcus aureus

Use of antibiotics during the previous year

 No

400

Ref

Ref

 Yes

238

1.2

1.4 (0.8 – 2.6)

0.283

Hospitalization during the previous year

 No

566

Ref

Ref

 Yes

72

1.0

1.0 (0.4 – 2.4)

0.980

Diagnosis of SSTI during the previous year

 No

600

Ref

Ref

 Yes

38

0.5

0.4 (0.1 – 1.8)

0.237

Sex

 Female

122

Ref

Ref

 Male

516

1.8

2.4 (1.0 – 5.7)

0.043

Base of recruitment

 Talara

144

Ref

Ref

 Iquitos

207

2.5

2.5 (0.9 – 6.5)

0.065

 Lima

149

2.8

2.7 (0.9 – 7.3)

0.051

 Arequipa

138

3.9

4.5 (1.7 – 11.9)

0.002

Smoking status

 Never smoked

312

Ref

Ref

 Past smoker

107

1.7

1.6 (0.8 – 3.5)

0.204

 Current smoker

219

1.2

1.1 (0.6 – 2.1)

0.756

Respiratory diseases

 No

619

Ref

Ref

 Yes

19

3.5

4.5 (1.4 – 14.7)

0.014

Time of service

638

0.99

0.97 (0.94 – 0.99)

0.030