Table 3 Molecular Techniques used for Listeria Characterization in Africa
From: Prevalence and characteristics of Listeria species from selected African countries
Country | Molecular Techniques | Gene/Serogroup/Strain | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
South Africa | Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline (PGAP) | ST6 | [25] |
South Africa | |||
South Africa | Genome Assembly Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) | ST6 | [6] |
South Africa | Whole Genome Sequencing | ST1, ST121, ST204, and ST876 | [40] |
Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) PHAge Search Tool Enhanced Release (PHASTER) Nucleotide Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (NCBI-BLASTn) | Serogroup 4b (lineage I) Serogroup 1/2a (lineage II) | ||
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | inlJ, ipa, inlB, inlC, and inlA | ||
South Africa | Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | iap, actA, and plcA | [35] |
South Africa | Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | inlA, inlB, inlC, inlJ, actA, hlyA, plcA, plcB, and iap | [9] |
Nigeria | Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) | ST5, ST155, CT2050 and CT2051 | [37] |
Nigeria | Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | hlyA and iap | [41] |
Nigeria | Multiplex PCR assay (mPCR) | prfA, inlA, hlyA, actA, and iap | [42] |
16S rRNA - based Phylogenetic Analysis | NGA 34A, NGA 35A, NGA 41A, and NGA 38A | ||
Nigeria | Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) | hylA | [13] |
Ghana | PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene and listeriolysin O gene; Multiplex PCR for serotyping | 1/2a-3a, 1/2b-3b-7, 4b-4d-4e and 1/2c-3c | [17] |