Table 3 Potential risk factors associated with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in patients with pyogenic liver abscesses, January 2012 through December 2018, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
Characteristic | All patients with pyogenic liver abscess | Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess | Crude ORa (95% CIb) | Age-adjusted OR (95% CI) | P valuec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | |||||
< 40 | 11 | 3 | 1.00 | ||
≥ 40 | 26 | 13 | 2.67 (0.58–12.36) | ||
Gender | |||||
Female | 9 | 4 | 1.00 | ||
Male | 28 | 12 | 0.94 (0.21–4.26) | 1.03 (0.22–4.84) | 0.971 |
Region of ethnic origin | |||||
Middle East and North Africa | 16 | 7 | 1.00 | ||
Indian subcontinent and South East Asia | 21 | 9 | 0.96 (0.26–3.58) | 1.17 (0.30–4.61) | 0.825 |
Health Insurance status | |||||
Insured or self-paying | 28 | 12 | 1.00 | ||
Free medical assistance | 9 | 4 | 1.07 (0.23–4.84) | 0.84 (0.17–4.05) | 0.827 |
Haemoglobin level (g/L) | |||||
≥ 100 | 29 | 12 | 1.00 | ||
< 100 | 5 | 3 | 2.13 (0.31–14.73) | 1.35 (0.18–10.01) | 0.769 |
Total white blood cells | |||||
< 11 | 11 | 7 | 1.00 | ||
≥ 11 | 23 | 8 | 0.30 (0.07–1.36) | 0.42 (0.09–2.02) | 0.277 |
Diabetes mellitus | |||||
No | 25 | 9 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 12 | 7 | 2.49 (0.61–10.18) | 1.87 (0.39–8.89) | 0.433 |
Malignancy | |||||
No | 34 | 15 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 3 | 1 | 0.63 (0.05–7.67) | 0.46 (0.04–5.79) | 0.547 |
Recent abdominal surgery | |||||
No | 31 | 14 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 6 | 2 | 0.6 (0.10–3.82) | 0.51 (0.08–3.36) | 0.483 |
Intensive care admission | |||||
No | 30 | 13 | 1.00 | ||
Yes | 7 | 3 | 0.98 (0.19–5.17) | 0.81 (0.15–4.50) | 0.813 |
Length of hospital stay (days) | |||||
< 10 | 12 | 4 | 1.00 | ||
≥ 10 | 25 | 12 | 1.85 (0.44–7.74) | 1.62 (0.37–7.06) | 0.524 |