Table 2 Bivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with Salmonella and Shigella infections among food handler’s working at Adigrat University Students’ Cafeteria, Tigrai, Northern Ethiopia, March to August 2018 (N = 301)
Variables | Growth of Salmonella and Shigella | COR (95% CI) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive N (%) | Negative N (%) | ||||
Sex | Male | 1 (2.7) | 36 (97.3) | 0.22 (0.03–1.58) | 0.20 |
Female | 32 (12.1) | 232 (87.9) | 1 | ||
Age | ≤ 20 | 2 (3.7) | 52 (96.3) | 0.3 (0.07–1.2) | 0.081 |
21–40 | 31 (12.55) | 216 (87.45) | 1 | ||
Marital status | Single | 16 (12.6) | 111 (87.4) | 1.29(.68–2.45) | 0.341 |
Married | 17 (9.78) | 157 (90.23) | 1 | ||
Educational status Hand washing after using the bathroom | Lower than Secondary school | 16 (8.56) | 171 (91.44) | 0.507 | |
Higher than secondary school | 17 (14.9) | 97 (85.1) | 1.74 (0.92–3.31) | 0.862 | |
Yes with water and soap | 1 (0.9) | 112 (99.1) | 1 | ||
Yes only with water | 17 (13.6) | 108 (86.4) | 17.630 (2.306–134.7) | 0.006 | |
No | 15 (23.8) | 48 (76.2) | 35.000 (4.495–272.49) | 0.001 | |
Hand washing after touching dirty materials | Yes with water and soap | 5 (3.4) | 141 (96.6) | 1 | |
Yes only with water | 14 (11.0) | 113 (89.0) | 3.494 (1.222–9.991) | 0.020 | |
No | 14 (50.0) | 14 (50.0) | 28.200 (8.845–89.906) | 0.001 | |
Handwashing before food handling | Yes with water and soap | 2 (1.8) | 112 (98.2) | 1 | |
Yes only with water | 13 (9.2) | 129 (90.8) | 5.643 (1.247–25.548) | 0.025 | |
No | 18 (40.0) | 27 (60.0) | 37.333 (8.164–170.714) | 0.001 | |
Fingernail status | Trimmed | 4 (2.2) | 174 (97.8) | 1 | |
Untrimmed | 29 (23.6) | 94 (76.4) | 10.490 (3.780–29.09) | 0.001 | |
After blowing nose | Yes with water and soap | 7 (8.0) | 81 (92.0) | 1 | |
Yes only with water | 11 (11.7) | 83 (88.3) | 0.919 (0.401–2.107) | 0.842 | |
No | 15 (12.6) | 104 (87.4) | 0.599 (0.233–1.538) | 0.287 | |
Touch food with bare hands | No | 16 (14.0) | 98 (86.0) | 1 | |
Yes | 17 (9.1) | 170 (90.9) | 1.597 (0.772–3.302) | 0.207 | |
Years of service | ≤1 | 9 (25.0) | 27 (75.0) | 3.72 (1.76–78.50) | 0.001 |
1–2 | 9 (21.4) | 33 (78.6) | 0.818 (0.285–2.349) | 0.709 | |
> 2 | 15 (6.7) | 208 (93.3) | 1 | ||
Certified in food preparation and handling | No | 29 (11.5) | 224 (88.5) | 1 | |
Yes | 4 (8.3) | 44 (91.7) | 0.702 (0.235–2.097) | 0.527 | |
Medical check-up | No | 10 (18.5) | 44 (81.5) | 1 | |
Yes | 23 (9.3) | 224 (90.7) | 1.99 (1.01–3.93) | 0.04 | |