Temperature integrity and exposure of vaccines to suboptimal temperatures in cold chain devices at different levels in three states of India

Das, Manoja Kumar; Arora, Narendra Kumar; Mathew, Thomas; Vyas, Bhadresh; Devi, Salam Kabita; Yadav, Abhishek

doi:10.1186/s40794-020-00109-z

Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines

Table 2 Temperature integrity in cold chain devices according to type of vaccine stores

From: Temperature integrity and exposure of vaccines to suboptimal temperatures in cold chain devices at different levels in three states of India

Levels/ Devices	State	Duration^a (hours)	% of time spent					Average temp (°C)	Temperature range (°C) (min, max)
Levels/ Devices	State	Duration^a (hours)	<− 3 °C	-3 °C to 0 °C	0 °C to 2 °C	2 °C to 8 °C	> 8 °C	Average temp (°C)	Temperature range (°C) (min, max)
According to levels of stores
State and Divisions	Bihar	4107.5	4.5	8.6	12.8	66.6	7.4	2.7	−16.1, 26.1
	Gujarat	1395	0.1	0.3	11.2	86.2	1.9	4.8	−7.2, 19.7
	Kerala	860.5	0	0	0	99.6	0.4	4.6	2.1, 33.2
	Total	6363	2.9	5.6	10.7	75.4	5.2	3.8	−16.1, 33.2
District	Bihar	5163.7	6.4	6.5	16.8	44.7	25.5	2.6	−22.9, 23.9
	Gujarat	3228.7	0	0.1	2	97.4	0.4	4.8	−1.2, 25.3
	Kerala	1914.5	0	1	1.1	97.9	0	3.7	−1.5, 12.8
	Total	10,307	3.2	3.5	9.3	71.1	12.9	3.6	−22.9, 25.3
Sub-district	Bihar	23,728.2	9.6	10.1	14.5	58	7.8	2.4	−33.0, 34.9
	Gujarat	12,115.2	6.3	13.7	25.1	53.4	1.5	2.0	−14.1, 33.3
	Kerala	6526.2	0	6.5	36.8	53.9	2.8	2.8	−2.6, 34.6
	Total	42,369.7	7.2	10.5	21	56	5.2	2.4	− 33.0, 34.9
According to type of devices
WIC	Bihar	3483.2	0.5	8.2	10.6	72	8.6	4.4	−4.6, 26.1
	Gujarat	1036.7	0.1	0.4	15.1	81.5	2.5	4.6	−7.2, 19.7
	Kerala	718.5	0	0.	0	99.5	0.5	4.3	2.1, 33.2
	Total	5238.5	0.4	5.5	10.1	77.6	6.3	4.4	−7.2, 33.2
ILR	Bihar	28,452.2	9.7	9.8	14.9	56.4	9.1	1.9	−33.0, 34.6
	Gujarat	15,702.2	4.8	10.6	19.8	63.5	1.3	2.7	−14.1, 33.3
	Kerala	8582.7	0	5.1	28.2	64.5	2.1	3.0	−2.6, 33.2
	Total	52,737.2	6.7	9.3	18.5	59.9	5.6	2.4	−33.0, 34.6
Other devices^b	Bihar	1064	0	0.3	21.9	22.1	55.5	9	−2.3, 24.6
Other devices^b	Total	1064	0	0.3	21.9	22.1	55.5	9	−2.3, 24.6
Pooled for all levels and all types of devices
Pooled all levels	Bihar	32,999.5	8.5	9.3	14.7	57	10.5	2.4	−33.0, 34.9
	Gujarat	16,739	4.5	9.9	19.5	64.6	1.4	2.8	−14.1, 33.3
	Kerala	9301.2	0	4.7	26	67.2	2	3.2	−2.61, 34.6
	Total	59,039.7	6	8.8	17.8	60.8	6.6	2.7	−33.0, 34.9

WIC Walk-in cooler, ILR Ice lined refrigerator
^aDuration of temperature recording by data loggers in the cold chain devices in hours
^b Other devices (domestic refrigerator and cold boxes) were used for vaccine storage in Bihar only at the time of the study

Back to article page

ISSN: 2055-0936

Contact us

Submission enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com