Reference
|
First Author
|
Year of Pub
|
Study Years
|
Study Design
|
Country
|
Population
|
Population Size
|
Travel Duration
|
Percent Male
|
Age
|
---|
|
Middle East
|
[24]
|
Armstrong, AW
|
2010
|
2007–2008
|
Clinical Trial
|
Turkey
|
US Military
|
100
|
0.5
|
88
|
36
|
[28]
|
Brown, J
|
2009
|
2004
|
Cross-sectional
|
Multiple
|
US Military
|
3933
| |
89
|
25
|
[45]
|
Hillel, O
|
2005
|
2003
|
Cross-sectional
|
India
|
Backpackers
|
114
|
5
|
43
|
26.6
|
[55]
|
Letizia, A
|
2014
|
2005–2006
|
Clinical Trial
|
Turkey
|
US Military
|
109
|
12
|
86
| |
[58]
|
Monteville, MR
|
2006
|
2004
|
Other
|
Iraq; Afghanistan
|
US Military
|
194
|
4.8
|
92
|
32
|
[58]
|
Monteville, MR
|
2006
|
2004
|
Other
|
Iraq; Afghanistan
|
US Military
|
28,322
| | | |
[70]
|
Porter, C
|
2010
|
2002
|
Mixed design
|
Turkey
|
US Military
|
202
|
4
|
89
|
34
|
[68]
|
Porter, C
|
2011
|
1999–2007
|
Case-control
|
Iraq; Afghanistan
|
US Military
|
31,866
| |
54.5
|
28.5
|
[69]
|
Porter, C
|
2011
|
2008–2009
|
Case-control
|
Afghanistan, Iraq
|
US Military
|
535
|
6
|
56.6
|
26
|
[16]
|
Putnam, S
|
2006
|
2003–2004
|
Cross-sectional
|
Iraq; Afghanistan
|
US Military
|
10,833
|
11
|
89.6
|
26
|
[9]
|
Riddle, MS
|
2008
|
2006–2007
|
Cross-sectional
|
Iraq; Afghanistan; Kuwait
|
US Military
|
3374
|
5.7
|
84.5
|
26
|
[72]
|
Riddle, MS
|
2011
|
2004–2005
|
Mixed design
|
Egypt
|
US Military
|
211
|
5.7
| |
31
|
[75]
|
Sanders, JW
|
2007
|
2003–2004
|
Clinical Trial
|
Turkey
|
US Military
|
207
|
8
|
65
|
31
|
[96]
|
Sanders, JW
|
2005 (conf)
|
2004
|
Cross-sectional
|
Iraq
|
US Military
|
537
|
3.7
|
98.1
|
23
|
[79]
|
Sebeny, PJ
|
2012
|
2009
|
Mixed design
|
Egypt
|
US Military
|
1529
|
0.7
|
81
|
34
|
[89]
|
Trivedi, KH
|
2011
|
2004–2005
|
Cohort
|
Egypt; Turkey
|
US Military
|
120
|
3.7
|
74
|
34
|
|
SE Asia
|
[66]
|
Piyaphanee, W
|
2011
|
2009
|
Cross-sectional
|
Thailand
|
Backpackers
|
404
|
1
|
59.7
|
26
|
[88]
|
Tribble, DR
|
2007
|
2000–2001
|
Clinical Trial
|
Thailand
|
US Military
|
156
| |
89
|
26
|
[87]
|
Tribble, DR
|
2008
|
2000–2001
|
Mixed design
|
Thailand
|
US Military
|
182
| |
90
|
26
|
[93]
|
Velasco, J
|
2015
|
2014
|
Other - Surveillance
|
Philippines
|
US Military
|
15
|
0.5
|
100
|
29
|
|
Latin America
|
[94]
|
Ajami, N
|
2014
|
2004
|
Descriptive study
|
Mexico
|
Students
|
75
|
1
|
46
|
26
|
[52]
|
Kasper, MR
|
2012
|
2011
|
Mixed design
|
El Salvador
|
US Military
|
241
|
0.5
|
83.8
|
27
|
[71]
|
Reaves, EJ
|
2012
|
2012
|
Mixed design
|
Peru
|
US Military
|
101
| | | |
|
Latin America and Caribbean
|
[95]
|
Chern, A
|
2016
|
2011
|
Mixed design
|
Multiple
|
US Military / Civilian
|
3156
|
5
|
64.6
|
31
|
|
Africa
|
[39]
|
Frickmann, H
|
2015
|
2013–2014
|
Surveillance
|
Mali
|
non-US Military
|
51
|
8.5
| | |
[56]
|
Marimoutou, C
|
2011
|
2007–2008
|
Cohort
|
Chad
|
non-US Military
|
278
|
5
| | |
[67]
|
Pommier de Santi, V
|
2011
|
2007–2008
|
Mixed design
|
Chad
|
non-US Military
|
240
|
5
|
91.7
|
27
|
|
Multiple
|
[30]
|
Chen, L
|
2009
|
1996–2008
|
Descriptive study
| |
Peace Corps; Expatriate
|
4039
|
12
|
57.2
| |
[83]
|
Stermer, E
|
2006
|
2004
|
Cross-sectional
| |
Non-military Travelers
|
405
|
1
|
53.3
|
30.8
|
[90]
|
Tuteja AK
|
2008
| |
Cohort
| |
Missionaries (mainly)
|
83
|
16
|
82
|
21
|
- This table lists all studies included in the current systematic review since the last review in 2006. Thirty studies were included for analysis, bringing the total number of studies in this systematic review to 82. The author, year of publication, study years, type of study design, countries included, type of travel population evaluate, population size, median travel duration, percent male, and median age are included for each included study, where available. The studies are listed by region of travel