Table 1 Descriptive summary of sociodemographic and clinical covariates (at Metema Hospital, North West Gondar, during 2015–2021)

Age

< 30

58(43.28)

8(42.11)

66(43.14)

≥30

76(56.72 )

11(57.89)

87 (56.86)

Sex

Female

3(2.24)

2(10.53)

5(3.27)

Male

131(97.76)

17(89.47)

148(96.73)

Place of residence

Urban

29(21.64)

3(15.79)

32(20.92)

Rural

105(78.36)

16(84.21)

121(79.08)

Occupation

Farmer

50(37.31)

5(26.32)

55(35.95)

Migrant worker

72(53.73)

12(63.16)

84(54.90)

Other

12(8.96)

2(10.53)

14(9.15)

Nutritional Status

Normal

61(45.52)

3(15.79)

64(41.83 )

MAM

43(32.09)

4(21.05)

47(30.72)

SAM

30(22.39)

12(63.16)

42(27.45)

Baseline CD4 + cell count (cells/µL)

< 100

62(46.27)

16(84.21)

78(50.98)

≥ 100

72(53.73)

3(15.79)

75(49.02)

Initial VL treatment Regimen

SSG

42(31.34)

7(36.84)

49(32.03)

SSG + PM

32(23.88)

6(31.58)

38(24.84)

AmBisome

60(44.78)

6(31.58) |

66(43.14)

Body mass index

Normal

51 (38.06)

2 (10.53)

53 (34.64)

Underweight

75 (55.97)

16 (84.21)

91 (59.48)

Overweight

8(5.97)

1(5.26)

9 (5.88)

Bleeding

No

66(49.25)

4(21.05)

70(45.75)

Yes

68(50.75)

15(78.95)

83(54.25)

Treatment of VL-HIV Co-infection

AmBisome

100(74.63)

5(26.32)

105(68.63)

Miltefosine

34(25.37)

14(73.68)

48((31.37)

Tuberculosis

Yes

49(36.57)

7(36.84)

56(36.60)

No

85(63.43)

12(63.16)

97(63.40)

Tuberculosis treatment status

Not on anti-tubercular treatment

85(63.43)

1(5.26)

86(56.21)

History of anti-tubercular treatment

22(16.42)

8(42.11)

30(19.61)

Currently on anti-tubercular treatment

27(20.15)

10(52.63)

37(24.18)

Comorbidity

Malaria

53(39.55)

9(47.37)

62(40.52)

Tuberculosis

49(36.57)

7(36.84)

56(36.60)

Any disease

32(23.88)

3(15.79)

35(22.88)

Continuous covariate

 Variables

Mean

Standard deviation (sd)

 Bassline Weight (kg)

53.13

4.28

 Hemoglobin level (g/dl)

12.41

2.01

 Spleen size (cm)

11.73

2.43

 Temperature (⁰ C)

37.63

1.79